Likainen totuus näistä puhtaista energiamuodoista Der Spiegelin mukaan:
The Dirty Truth About Clean TechnologiesThe poor South is being exploited so that the rich North can transition to environmental sustainability. Entire swaths of land are being destroyed to secure the resources needed to produce wind turbines and solar cells. Are there alternatives?
[..]
Each unit requires cement, sand, steel, zinc and aluminum. And tons of copper: for the generator, for the gearbox, for the transformer station and for the endless strands of cable. Around 67 tons of copper can be found in a medium-sized offshore turbine. To extract this amount of copper, miners have to move almost 50,000 tons of earth and rock, around five times the weight of the Eiffel Tower. The ore is shredded, ground, watered and leached. The bottom line: a lot of nature destroyed for a little bit of green power.
Tähänkin sitten väistämättä tarkastelussa tullaan:
Wackernagel, who was born in Basel, Switzerland, in 1962, is one of the most influential figures in the environmental movement. He coined two metaphors that have influenced thinking about sustainability around the world.
One is the idea of the environmental footprint, which indicates how much land and sea area is needed to renew the resources that we have consumed. According to Wackernagel’s calculations, 1.75 Earths would be needed for the planet to regenerate itself. If all the people on the planet were to behave as wastefully as the inhabitants of Germany, it would require almost three Earths.
The other is Earth Overshoot Day, which marks the day each year on which humanity has used as many resources as the planet can replenish in a year. This year, that day fell on July 29. The two metaphors serve to underscore Wackernagel’s main point: "We are using resources of the future to pay for the present.”
He’s referring to the daily consumption of around 90 million barrels of crude oil, the use of land for buildings, roads or arable land – and also the exploitation of mineral resources. Wackernagel says the biological budget is limited and that humans must decide what they want to use it for. If we use it to mine copper, then it won’t, for example, be available for the cultivation of beets. He says it’s too short-sighted to think that all we have to do to protect the environment is to recreate the fossil-fueled world with electricity and swap the six-cylinder Jaguar for the battery-powered Tesla.
Vaikka siis täysin väärin. Resurssien käytöstä kyllä on kyse, mutta
mikään mainituista ei ole uusiutuvia. Meillä ei ole toisin sanoen mitään mahdollissuutta käyttää niitä niin, että seuraavan vuoden alussa resurssit olisivat taas uudelleen syntyneet. Vaikkapa kuparikaivos ei täyty itsekseen, jos siitä kaivaisi vaikka kuinka kohtuullisesti.
Nuo metaforat ovat lopulta peräisin vuosisatojen takaa, maataloudesta. Nyt niitä yritetään käyttää luonnehtimaan teollista yhteiskuntaa. Yhä ja sinnikkäästi, vaikka metafofa, vertaus selvästikin pahasti ontuu.
Sen opetus tuossa Der Spiegelin jutussa voisi oikeastaan olla, ettei uusiutuvia energianlähteitä itse asiassa ole olemassakaan: kaikki energian tuotanto edellyttää jonkin uusiutumattoman resurssin käyttämistä. Ero ydin- ja tuulivoiman välillä on siinä suhteessa lopulta pieni.
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Viimeksi tuosta muutoinkin tolkuttomasta metaforasta
oli täällä puhe kesällä.